二进制方式安装 MySQL 8.x

2023-10-18

字数统计: 836字 | 阅读时长≈ 4分

二进制安装 MySQL 8.x

下载 MySQL 二进制安装包

1	wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-8.0/mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

解压安装包

1	tar xf mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

重命名 MySQL 安装目录

1	mv mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

创建 MySQL 用户

1	useradd -s /sbin/nologin -d /usr/local/mysql mysql

配置 MySQL 服务

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

# 编辑 /etc/init.d/mysql 文件，修改以下配置，设置 MySQL 家目录以及数据存放目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql

# 创建 MySQL 数据存放目录
mkdir -p /data/mysql

# 修改目录权限
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql  /data/mysql

创建 MySQL 配置文件 /etc/my.cnf

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysql]
prompt="MySQL [\\d]> "
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8mb4

[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
default_authentication_plugin = mysql_native_password
# 设置数据库不区分大小写
lower_case_table_names = 1

#lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql-8.0/english/

datadir = /data/mysql
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid
user = mysql
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
server-id = 2

init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8mb4'
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci

sql-mode='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'

skip-name-resolve
#skip-networking
back_log = 300

max_connections = 1000
max_connect_errors = 6000
open_files_limit = 65535
table_open_cache = 128
max_allowed_packet = 500M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M

read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 8M
key_buffer_size = 4M

thread_cache_size = 8

ft_min_word_len = 4

log_bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = mixed
binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 604800

log_error = /data/mysql/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql-slow.log

performance_schema = 0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

lower_case_table_names = 1

skip-external-locking

default_storage_engine = InnoDB
#default-storage-engine = MyISAM
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_open_files = 500
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M
innodb_write_io_threads = 4
innodb_read_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_purge_threads = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1

interactive_timeout = 28800
wait_timeout = 28800

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 500M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M

初始化MySQL 配置

1	/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --lower_case_table_names=1 --initialize-insecure --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

配置 MySQL 开机启动

chkconfig --add mysql
chkconfig mysql on

# 查看 MySQL 服务
chkconfig --list |grep mysql

启动 MySQL
1
service mysql start

配置 MySQL 安全初始化

[root@base-server01 ~]# mysql_secure_installation
Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.

VALIDATE PASSWORD COMPONENT can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD component?

Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: y

There are three levels of password validation policy:

LOW    Length >= 8
MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters
STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary                  file

Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG: 1
Please set the password for root here.

New password: 

Re-enter new password: 

Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
Success.


Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
Success.

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.


Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
- Dropping test database...
Success.

- Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
Success.

All done!

# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.27 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.02 sec)