Linux 部署 flutter + gradle + Android 编译环境

2023-10-18

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参考文档:

基础环境配置

安装 JDK

从官网下载 jdk 安装包

安装 JDK

1 2	sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/java sudo tar xf jdk-11.0.18_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/java/

配置环境变量

sudo cat > /etc/profile.d/java.sh <<EOF
#!/bin/bash

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk-11.0.18
export CLASSPATH=\$CLASSPATH:\$JAVA_HOME/lib:\$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export PATH=\$PATH:\$JAVA_HOME/bin
EOF

source /etc/profile.d/java.sh

验证 java 版本

$ java -version
java version "11.0.18" 2023-01-17 LTS
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment 18.9 (build 11.0.18+9-LTS-195)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM 18.9 (build 11.0.18+9-LTS-195, mixed mode)

安装依赖

执行以下命令安装命令行工具

1	sudo apt-get install git curl unzip zip xz-utils file

安装 libglu1-mesa 公共库

1 2	sudo apt-get install libglu1-mesa sudo apt-get install clang cmake ninja-build pkg-config libgtk-3-dev liblzma-dev

安装 Flutter

下载 flutter SDK

1	wget https://storage.flutter-io.cn/flutter_infra_release/releases/stable/linux/flutter_linux_3.7.12-stable.tar.xz

解压 flutter SDK

1 2	mkdir ~/development tar -xf flutter_linux_3.7.12-stable.tar.xz -C ~/development

配置环境变量

cat > ~/.bash_profile <<EOF
#!/bin/bash

export FLUTTER_HOME=\$HOME/development/flutter
export PATH=\$PATH:\$FLUTTER_HOME/bin
export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/flutter
export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/dart-pub
EOF

运行 flutter doctor 命令查看是否还有缺失的依赖需要安装，根据结果安装这些依赖以完成设置

$ flutter doctor -v
Flutter assets will be downloaded from https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/flutter. Make sure you trust this source!
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.7.12, on Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS 5.15.0-71-generic, locale C.UTF-8)
    • Flutter version 3.7.12 on channel stable at /home/deployer/development/flutter
    • Upstream repository https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
    • Framework revision 4d9e56e694 (8 days ago), 2023-04-17 21:47:46 -0400
    • Engine revision 1a65d409c7
    • Dart version 2.19.6
    • DevTools version 2.20.1
    • Pub download mirror https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/dart-pub
    • Flutter download mirror https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/flutter

[✗] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices
    ✗ Unable to locate Android SDK.
      Install Android Studio from: https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html
      On first launch it will assist you in installing the Android SDK components.
      (or visit https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install/linux#android-setup for detailed instructions).
      If the Android SDK has been installed to a custom location, please use
      `flutter config --android-sdk` to update to that location.


[✗] Chrome - develop for the web (Cannot find Chrome executable at google-chrome)
    ! Cannot find Chrome. Try setting CHROME_EXECUTABLE to a Chrome executable.

[✗] Linux toolchain - develop for Linux desktop
    ✗ clang++ is required for Linux development.
      It is likely available from your distribution (e.g.: apt install clang), or can be downloaded from https://releases.llvm.org/
    ✗ CMake is required for Linux development.
      It is likely available from your distribution (e.g.: apt install cmake), or can be downloaded from https://cmake.org/download/
    ✗ ninja is required for Linux development.
      It is likely available from your distribution (e.g.: apt install ninja-build), or can be downloaded from https://github.com/ninja-build/ninja/releases
    ✗ pkg-config is required for Linux development.
      It is likely available from your distribution (e.g.: apt install pkg-config), or can be downloaded from https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/pkg-config/

[!] Android Studio (not installed)
    • Android Studio not found; download from https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html
      (or visit https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install/linux#android-setup for detailed instructions).

[✓] Connected device (1 available)
    • Linux (desktop) • linux • linux-x64 • Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS 5.15.0-71-generic

[✓] HTTP Host Availability
    • All required HTTP hosts are available

! Doctor found issues in 4 categories.

安装 Android 工具链

从 Android Studio 下载页面中下载最新的 command line tools only 软件包

将下载的压缩包解压到 ~/development/android_sdk 目录中

1 2	mkdir -p ~/development/android_sdk unzip commandlinetools-linux-9477386_latest.zip -d ~/development/android_sdk/

在解压缩的 cmdline-tools 目录中，创建一个名为 latest 的子目录，将原始 cmdline-tools 目录内容（包括 lib 目录、bin 目录、NOTICE.txt 文件和 source.properties 文件）移动到新创建的 latest 目录中。现在，您就可以从这个位置使用命令行工具了。

配置环境变量

cat >> ~/.bash_profile <<EOF

export ANDROID_HOME=\$HOME/development/android_sdk
export PATH=\$PATH:\$ANDROID_HOME/cmdline-tools/latest/bin

EOF

查看已安装的包和有效的包, 命令格式： sdkmanager --list

sdkmanager --list
[=======================================] 100% Computing updates...             

Available Packages:
  Path                                                                                     | Version      | Description                                                         
  -------                                                                                  | -------      | -------                                                             
  add-ons;addon-google_apis-google-15                                                      | 3            | Google APIs                                                         
  add-ons;addon-google_apis-google-16                                                      | 4            | Google APIs                                                         
  add-ons;addon-google_apis-google-17                                                      | 4            | Google APIs                                                         
  add-ons;addon-google_apis-google-18                                                      | 4            | Google APIs                      
  ... 省略 N 行 ...

安装 Android SDK 软件包，这里至少需要安装三个包： platform-tools、 build-tools、 platforms

1	sdkmanager "platform-tools" "build-tools;30.0.3" "platforms;android-33"

查看已安装的包

$ sdkmanager --list_installed
[=======================================] 100% Fetch remote repository...       
Installed packages:
  Path                 | Version | Description                    | Location            
  -------              | ------- | -------                        | -------             
  build-tools;30.0.3   | 30.0.3  | Android SDK Build-Tools 30.0.3 | build-tools/30.0.3  
  emulator             | 32.1.12 | Android Emulator               | emulator            
  patcher;v4           | 1       | SDK Patch Applier v4           | patcher/v4          
  platform-tools       | 34.0.1  | Android SDK Platform-Tools     | platform-tools      
  platforms;android-33 | 2       | Android SDK Platform 33        | platforms/android-33

$ tree -L 2 development/
development/
└── android_sdk
    ├── build-tools
    ├── cmdline-tools
    ├── emulator
    ├── licenses
    ├── patcher
    ├── platforms
    ├── platform-tools
    └── tools

9 directories, 0 files

检查 flutter 环境

$ flutter doctor -v
Flutter assets will be downloaded from https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/flutter. Make sure you trust this source!
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.7.12, on CentOS Linux 7 (Core) 3.10.0-1062.el7.x86_64, locale en_US.UTF-8)
    • Flutter version 3.7.12 on channel stable at /usr/local/flutter
    • Upstream repository https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
    • Framework revision 4d9e56e694 (5 days ago), 2023-04-17 21:47:46 -0400
    • Engine revision 1a65d409c7
    • Dart version 2.19.6
    • DevTools version 2.20.1
    • Pub download mirror https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/dart-pub
    • Flutter download mirror https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/flutter

[!] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 30.0.3)
    • Android SDK at /home/deployer/development/android_sdk
    • Platform android-33, build-tools 30.0.3
    • ANDROID_HOME = /home/deployer/development/android_sdk
    • Java binary at: /usr/local/java/jdk-11.0.18/bin/java
    • Java version Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment 18.9 (build 11.0.18+9-LTS-195)
    ! Some Android licenses not accepted. To resolve this, run: flutter doctor --android-licenses

[✗] Chrome - develop for the web (Cannot find Chrome executable at google-chrome)
    ! Cannot find Chrome. Try setting CHROME_EXECUTABLE to a Chrome executable.

[✗] Linux toolchain - develop for Linux desktop
    ✗ clang++ is required for Linux development.
      It is likely available from your distribution (e.g.: apt install clang), or can be downloaded from https://releases.llvm.org/
    ✗ CMake is required for Linux development.
      It is likely available from your distribution (e.g.: apt install cmake), or can be downloaded from https://cmake.org/download/
    ✗ ninja is required for Linux development.
      It is likely available from your distribution (e.g.: apt install ninja-build), or can be downloaded from https://github.com/ninja-build/ninja/releases
    • pkg-config version 0.27.1
    ✗ pkg-config 0.29.0 or later is required.
    ✗ GTK 3.0 development libraries are required for Linux development.
      They are likely available from your distribution (e.g.: apt install libgtk-3-dev)

[!] Android Studio (not installed)
    • Android Studio not found; download from https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html
      (or visit https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install/linux#android-setup for detailed instructions).

[✓] Connected device (1 available)
    • Linux (desktop) • linux • linux-x64 • CentOS Linux 7 (Core) 3.10.0-1062.el7.x86_64

[✓] HTTP Host Availability
    • All required HTTP hosts are available

运行以下命令同意 Android licenses

1	flutter doctor --android-licenses

安装 Chrome

下载 deb 文件

1	wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

安装 deb 文件

1	sudo apt install ./google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

查看安装版本
1
google-chrome-stable

安装 Linux 工具链

运行以下命令进行安装其他 Linux 需要的内容

1	sudo apt-get install clang cmake ninja-build pkg-config libgtk-3-dev liblzma-dev

再次检查 flutter 状态

$ flutter  doctor -v
Flutter assets will be downloaded from https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/flutter. Make sure you trust this source!
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.7.12, on Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS 5.15.0-71-generic, locale C.UTF-8)
    • Flutter version 3.7.12 on channel stable at /home/deployer/development/flutter
    • Upstream repository https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
    • Framework revision 4d9e56e694 (8 days ago), 2023-04-17 21:47:46 -0400
    • Engine revision 1a65d409c7
    • Dart version 2.19.6
    • DevTools version 2.20.1
    • Pub download mirror https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/dart-pub
    • Flutter download mirror https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/flutter

[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 30.0.3)
    • Android SDK at /home/deployer/development/android_sdk
    • Platform android-33, build-tools 30.0.3
    • ANDROID_HOME = /home/deployer/development/android_sdk
    • Java binary at: /usr/local/java/jdk-11.0.18/bin/java
    • Java version Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment 18.9 (build 11.0.18+9-LTS-195)
    • All Android licenses accepted.

[✓] Chrome - develop for the web
    • Chrome at google-chrome

[✓] Linux toolchain - develop for Linux desktop
    • Ubuntu clang version 14.0.0-1ubuntu1
    • cmake version 3.22.1
    • ninja version 1.10.1
    • pkg-config version 0.29.2

[!] Android Studio (not installed)
    • Android Studio not found; download from https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html
      (or visit https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install/linux#android-setup for detailed instructions).

[✓] Connected device (2 available)
    • Linux (desktop) • linux  • linux-x64      • Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS 5.15.0-71-generic
    • Chrome (web)    • chrome • web-javascript • Google Chrome 112.0.5615.165

[✓] HTTP Host Availability
    • All required HTTP hosts are available

! Doctor found issues in 1 category.

编译环境不需要安装 Android Studio 工具，所以可以忽略该警告