Ubuntu 22.04 二进制方式安装 MySQL 8

2024-01-15

字数统计: 762字 | 阅读时长≈ 4分

卸载自带的软件

apt-get purge -y mysql-client mysql-server mysql-common mysql-server-core-5.5 mysql-client-5.5 mariadb-client mariadb-server mariadb-common

dpkg -l | grep ^rc | awk '{print $2}' | xargs dpkg -P

apt-get -y update
apt-get -y autoremove
apt-get -yf install

安装依赖

export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive

# 安装依赖
apt-get -y --allow-downgrades install libicu70=70.1-2 libglib2.0-0=2.72.1-1 libxml2-dev

# 安装安全更新
grep security /etc/apt/sources.list > /tmp/security.sources.list
apt-get -y upgrade -o Dir::Etc::SourceList=/tmp/security.sources.list

创建 MySQL 运行用户以及数据存放目录

1 2	useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql mkdir -p /data/mysql

下载 MySQL 二进制源码包

1	wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.35-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz

解压 MySQL 源码包

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tar xJf mysql-8.0.35-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz

mv mysql-8.0.35-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

配置 MySQL 服务

/bin/cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
sed -i "s@^basedir=.*@basedir=/usr/local/mysql@" /etc/init.d/mysqld
sed -i "s@^datadir=.*@datadir=/data/mysql@" /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

update-rc.d mysqld defaults

创建 MySQL 配置文件

cat > /etc/my.cnf << EOF
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysql]
prompt="MySQL [\\d]> "
no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default_authentication_plugin = mysql_native_password

basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid
user = mysql
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
server-id = 1

init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8mb4'
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci

skip-name-resolve
#skip-networking
back_log = 300

max_connections = 1000
max_connect_errors = 6000
open_files_limit = 65535
table_open_cache = 128
max_allowed_packet = 500M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M

read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 8M
key_buffer_size = 4M

thread_cache_size = 8

ft_min_word_len = 4

log_bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = mixed
binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 604800

log_error = /data/mysql/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql-slow.log

performance_schema = 0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

lower_case_table_names = 1
skip-external-locking

default_storage_engine = InnoDB
#default-storage-engine = MyISAM
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_open_files = 500
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M
innodb_write_io_threads = 4
innodb_read_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_purge_threads = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G

interactive_timeout = 28800
wait_timeout = 28800

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 500M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M
EOF

调整配置参数

# 获取机器内存
Mem=`free -m | awk '/Mem:/{print $2}'`

sed -i "s@max_connections.*@max_connections = $((${Mem}/3))@" /etc/my.cnf

if [ ${Mem} -gt 1500 -a ${Mem} -le 2500 ]; then
    sed -i 's@^thread_cache_size.*@thread_cache_size = 16@' /etc/my.cnf
    sed -i 's@^myisam_sort_buffer_size.*@myisam_sort_buffer_size = 16M@' /etc/my.cnf
    sed -i 's@^key_buffer_size.*@key_buffer_size = 16M@' /etc/my.cnf
    sed -i 's@^innodb_buffer_pool_size.*@innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M@' /etc/my.cnf
    sed -i 's@^tmp_table_size.*@tmp_table_size = 32M@' /etc/my.cnf
    sed -i 's@^table_open_cache.*@table_open_cache = 256@' /etc/my.cnf
elif [ ${Mem} -gt 2500 -a ${Mem} -le 3500 ]; then
    sed -i 's@^thread_cache_size.*@thread_cache_size = 32@' /etc/my.cnf
    sed -i 's@^myisam_sort_buffer_size.*@myisam_sort_buffer_size = 32M@' /etc/my.cnf
    sed -i 's@^key_buffer_size.*@key_buffer_size = 64M@' /etc/my.cnf
    sed -i 's@^innodb_buffer_pool_size.*@innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M@' /etc/my.cnf
    sed -i 's@^tmp_table_size.*@tmp_table_size = 64M@' /etc/my.cnf
    sed -i 's@^table_open_cache.*@table_open_cache = 512@' /etc/my.cnf
elif [ ${Mem} -gt 3500 ]; then
    sed -i 's@^thread_cache_size.*@thread_cache_size = 64@' /etc/my.cnf
    sed -i 's@^myisam_sort_buffer_size.*@myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M@' /etc/my.cnf
    sed -i 's@^key_buffer_size.*@key_buffer_size = 256M@' /etc/my.cnf
    sed -i 's@^innodb_buffer_pool_size.*@innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M@' /etc/my.cnf
    sed -i 's@^tmp_table_size.*@tmp_table_size = 128M@' /etc/my.cnf
    sed -i 's@^table_open_cache.*@table_open_cache = 1024@' /etc/my.cnf
fi

初始化 MySQL

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld \
  --initialize-insecure \
  --lower_case_table_names=1 \
  --user=mysql \
  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
  --datadir=/data/mysql

启动 MySQL
1
service mysqld start

添加环境变量配置

1 2	echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >> /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

数据库安全配置

1	/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation

配置数据库库文件

rm -rf /etc/ld.so.conf.d/{mysql,mariadb,percona}*.conf

echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/z-mysql.conf
ldconfig